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The Global Virome in One Network (VIRION): an Atlas of Vertebrate-Virus Associations
10.1128/mbio.02985-21
Colin J. Carlson
Rory J. Gibb
Gregory F. Albery
Liam Brierley
Ryan P. Connor
Tad A. Dallas
Evan A. Eskew
Anna C. Fagre
Maxwell J. Farrell
Hannah K. Frank
Renata L. Muylaert
Timoth茅e Poisot
Angela L. Rasmussen
Sadie J. Ryan
Stephanie N. Seifert
Research Article
Research Article
data synthesis
ecological networks
global virome
host-virus interactions
American Society for Microbiology
Carlson et al.
Copyright 漏 2022 Carlson et al.
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
20220301
2022
ABSTRACT
Data that catalogue viral diversity on Earth have been fragmented across sources, disciplines, formats, and various degrees of open sharing, posing challenges for research on macroecology, evolution, and public health. Here, we solve this problem by establishing a dynamically maintained database of vertebrate-virus associations, called The Global Virome in One Network (VIRION). The VIRION database has been assembled through both reconciliation of static data sets and integration of dynamically updated databases. These data sources are all harmonized against one taxonomic backbone, including metadata on host and virus taxonomic validity and higher classification; additional metadata on sampling methodology and evidence strength are also available in a harmonized format. In total, the VIRION database is the largest open-source, open-access database of its kind, with roughly half a million unique records that include 9,521 resolved virus 鈥渟pecies鈥 (of which 1,661 are ICTV ratified), 3,692 resolved vertebrate host species, and 23,147 unique interactions between taxonomically valid organisms. Together, these data cover roughly a quarter of mammal diversity, a 10th of bird diversity, and 鈭6% of the estimated total diversity of vertebrates, and a much larger proportion of their virome than any previous database. We show how these data can be used to test hypotheses about microbiology, ecology, and evolution and make suggestions for best practices that address the unique mix of evidence that coexists in these data.
IMPORTANCE Animals and their viruses are connected by a sprawling, tangled network of species interactions. Data on the host-virus network are available from several sources, which use different naming conventions and often report metadata in different levels of detail. VIRION is a new database that combines several of these existing data sources, reconciles taxonomy to a single consistent backbone, and reports metadata in a format designed by and for virologists. Researchers can use VIRION to easily answer questions like 鈥淐an any fish viruses infect humans?鈥 or 鈥淲hich bats host coronaviruses?鈥 or to build more advanced predictive models, making it an unprecedented step toward a full inventory of the global virome.
20211005
20220128
2150-7511
Adobe LiveCycle PDF Generator; modified using iText庐 5.5.13.2 漏2000-2020 iText Group NV (AGPL-version)2022-03-01T06:32:00-08:00
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